Pastors Jim and Marie Watt
(From: MARK #4 - 2:13-3:6)
F. 2:13-22 CRITICISM FROM FRIEND AND FOE
1. 2:13-14 CALL OF MATTHEW OR LEVI
a. 2:13 JESUS TEACHES BY THE SEA
Kai eXELthen PAlin paRA ten THAlas-san; kai pas ho OCHlos
And he went forth again by the sea; and all the crowd
ERche-to pros auTON, kai eDIda-sken auTOUS.
was coming unto him, and he was teaching them.
b. 2:14a THE CALL OF LEVI
kai paRAgon, EIden LeuEIN ton tou HalPHAIou
And passing by, he saw Levi the sonof :Alphaeus
kaTHEme-non ePI to teLOni-on [5058], kai LEgei auTO, A-koLOUthei[190] moi.
sitting at the toll, and says to him, Follow me.
c. 2:14b And he arose andfollowed him. kai a-naSTAS e-koLOUthe-sen auTO.
2. 2:15-17 JESUS ANSWERS THE PHARISEES
a. 2:15 JESUS EATS AT LEVI'S HOUSE
kai GIne-tai, ka-taKEISthai [2621] auTON en te oiKIa auTOU,
And it comes to pass, thathe is sitting at meat in his :house,
kai polLOI teLOnai [5057] kai ha-mar-toLOI su-naNEkein-to [4873] to IeSOU
and many publicans and sinners were sitting down with :Jesus
kai tois ma-theTAIS auTOU: Esan gar polLOI, kai e-koLOUthoun auTO.
and his :disciples: for they were many, and theyfollowed him.
b. 2:16 SCRIBES OF THE PHARISEES OBJECT CONCERNING THE GUESTS
kai hoi gram-maTEIS ton Pha-riSAIon, iDONtes HOti esTHIei [2068]
And the scribes of the Pharisees, seeing that he was eating
meTA ton ha-mar-toLON kai te-loNON, Ele-gon tois ma-theTAIS auTOU,
with the sinners and publicans, were saying to his :disciples,
HOti MeTA ton te-loNON kai ha-mar-toLON esTHIei kai PInei?
How is it that he was eating and drinking with publicans and sinners?
c. 2:17 THE WHOLE AND THE SICK - THE RIGHTEOUS AND SINNERS CONTRASTED
kai aKOUsas ho IeSOUS, LEgei auTOIS [HOti]
And when :Jesus heard it, he says to them [that]
Ou CHREIan Echou-sin hoi iSCHUon-tes [2480] i-aTROU [2395], alLA hoi kaKOS [2560] Echon-tes:
The healthy have no need of a healer, but the ailing:
Ouk ELthon kaLEsai diKAIous, alLA ha-mar-toLOUS.
I came not to call therighteous, but sinners.
3. 2:18-22 JESUS ANSWERS JOHN'S DISCIPLES ON FASTING
a. 2:18 JOHN'S DISCIPLES QUESTION ON FASTING
Kai Esan hoi ma-theTAI IoAnou kai hoi Pha-riSAIoi neSTEUon-tes [3522]:
And the disciples of :John and the Pharisees were fasting:
kai ERchon-tai kai LEgou-sin auTO, DiA ti hoi ma-theTAI IoAnou kai
and they come and say to him, Why do the disciples of :John and
hoi ma-theTAI ton Pha-riSAIon neSTEUou-sin, hoi de soi ma-theTAI ou neSTEUou-sin?
the disciples of the Pharisees fast, but your :disciples do not fast?
b. 2:19 JESUS' TIMELY ANSWER
kai EIpen auTOIS ho IeSOUS, Me DUnan-tai hoi huiOI tou numPHOnos [3567],
And :Jesus said to them, Can the sons of the bridechamber fast,
en ho ho numPHIos [3566] met' auTON es-tin, neSTEUein? HOson CHROnon [5550]
while the bridegroom is with them? what time
Echou-sin ton numPHIon met' auTON, ou DUnan-tai neSTEUein.
they have the bridegroom with them, they cannot fast.
c. 2:20 HIS PROPHECY
eLEUson-tai de heMErai, HOtan a-parTHE [522] ap' auTON ho numPHIos [3566],
But days will come, when the bridegroom shall be taken away from them,
kai TOte neSTEUsou-sin en eKEIne te heMEra.
and then will they fast in that :day.
d. 2:21 AN ILLUSTRATION FOR MISUNDERSTANDERS
ouDEIS ePIble-ma {1915] 'RAkous [4470] agNAphou [46] e-piRAPtei [1976] ePI hiMAti-on pa-laiON [3820]:
No one sews a patch of undressed cloth upon an old garment:
ei de me AIrei [142] to PLEro-ma [4138] ap' auTOU,
else what should fill itup takes from it,
to kaiNON [2537] tou pa-laiOU, kai CHEIron [5501] SCHISma [4978] GIne-tai.
the new from the old, and a worse rent is made.
e. 2:22 ANOTHER PARABLE ALONG THE SAME LINES
kai ouDEIS BALlei OInon [3631] NEon [3501] eis aSKOUS [779] pa-laiOUS;
And no one puts fresh wine into old wine-skins;
ei de me 'RExei [4486] ho OInos tous aSKOUS, kai ho OInos aPOLlu-tai [622],
else the wine will burst the skins, and the wine is lost,
kai hoi aSKOI: alLA OInon NEon eis aSKOUS kaiNOUS [2537].
and the skins: but fresh wine isfor new wine-skins.
G. 2:23-3:6 MURDER CONCEIVED BECAUSE OF SABBATH CONTROVERSY
1. 2:23-28 JESUS IS LORD OF SABBATH
a. 2:23 JESUS' DISCIPLES EAT ON THE SABBATH
Kai eGEne-to, auTON en tois SABba-sin di-a-poREUes-thai [1276] diA ton spoRImon [4702];
And it came to pass, that he was going on the sabbath[s] through the grainfields;
kai hoi ma-theTAI auTOU ERxan-to, hoDON poiEIN, TILlon-tes [5089] tous STAchu-as [4719].
and his :disciples began, as they went, to pluck the ears.
b. 2:24 And the Pharisees said to him, See, why do they on the sabbath[s] what is not lawful?
kai hoi Pha-riSAIoi Ele-gon auTO, Ide, ti poiOUsin tois SABba-sin ho ouk Exe-stin [1832]?
c. 2 25 HE EFFECTIVELY USES DAVID AS A COUNTER-CHALLENGE
kai LEgei auTOIS, OuDEpo-te aNEGno-te [314] ti ePOIe-sen DauID,
And he says to them, Did you never read what David did,
HOte CHREIan [5532] ESchen, kai ePEIna-sen [3983], auTOS, kai hoi met' auTOU?
when he had need, and was hungry, he, and those with him?
d. 2:26 WHAT DAVID DID
pos eiSELthen eis ton OIkon tou TheOU ePI
How he entered into the house of :God at the time
A-biAthar ar-chi-eREos [749], kai tous ARtous tes proTHEse-os [4286] Epha-gen,
of high priest Abiathar, and ate the show-:loaves,
hous ouk Exe-stin phaGEIN ei me tous hi-eREIS [2409], kai Edo-ken kai tois sun auTO OUsin?
which it is not lawful to eat save for the priests, and gave also to them that were with him?
e. 2:27-28 THE TRUE USE AND BENEFIT OF THE SABBATH
kai Ele-gen auTOIS, To SABba-ton diA ton ANthro-pon eGEne-to,
And he said to them, The sabbath was made for :man,
kai ouch ho ANthro-pos diA to SABba-ton:
and not :man for the sabbath:
HOste KUriOS es-tin ho huiOS tou anTHROpou kai tou sabBAtou.
28so that the Son of :man is lord also of the sabbath.
2. 3:1-6 WITHERED HAND HEALED ON SABBATH
a. 3:1 JESUS IN A SYNAGOGUE
Kai eiSELthen PAlin eis su-na-goGEN [4864]:
And he entered again into a synagogue:
kai en eKEI ANthro-pos e-xe-ramMEnen [3583] Echon ten CHEIra [5495].
and a man was there who had his:hand withered.
b 3:2 And they watched him, whether he would heal him on the sabbath[s]; that they might accuse him.
kai pa-reTEroun [3906] auTON, ei tois SABba-sin the-raPEUsei auTON; HIna ka-te-goREso-sin auTOU.
c. 3:3 And he says to the man that had his:hand withered, Stand forth.
kai LEgei toanTHROpoi toten CHEIra Echon-ti xeRAN [3583], Egei-re [1453]eis to MEson.
d. 3:4a THE CHALLENGE OF JESUS
kai LEgei auTOIS, Exe-stin [1822] tois SABba-sin a-ga-tho-poiEsai [15],
And he says to them, Is it lawful on the sabbath[s] to do good,
eka-ko-poiEsai [2554]? pusCHEN SOsai [4982], e a-pokTEInai [615]?
or to do evil? to save life, or to kill?
e. 3:4b But they were silent. hoi de e-siOpon [4623].
f. 3:5a THE LEGITIMATE GRIEF OF JESUS
kai pe-ri-blePSAme-nos [4017] auTOUS met' orGES [3709],
And when he had looked round about on them with anger,
sun-luPOUme-nos [4818] ePI te poROsei [4457] tes karDIas auTON,
being grieved at the hardening of their :heart,
LEgei to anTHROpo, EKtei-non [1614] ten CHEI-RA sou.
he says to the man, Stretch forth your :hand.
g. 3:5b And he stretched forth; and his :hand was restored.
kai eXEtei-nen; kai a-pe-ka-teSTAthe he [600] cheir auTOU.
h. 3:6 PLANNED MURDER: THE EFFECT ON THE PHARISEES
kai e-xelTHONtes hoi Pha-riSAIoi, euTHUS meTA ton He-ro-di-aNON
And the Pharisees went out, andstraightway with the Herodians
sumBOUli-on [4824] eDIdoun kat' auTOU, HOpos auTON a-poLEso-sin [622].
took counsel against him, how they might destroy him.
NOTE: 2:15-17 - For Jesus to choose Matthew (Levi) as one of His disciples to be placed as an apostle - did not sit well with the Pharisees. And for Jesus then to bring His disciples to dine with Matthew and his friends - this was just too much! But Jesus answered wisely, even if it was not received.
1:18-22 - Immediately following up on the challenge of the Pharisees, comes another one from the disciples of John the Baptist concerning fasting, and its omission by Jesus' disciples. Again, His answer is absolutely correct. Quite possibly it was received by John's disciples. His illustration of a new patch on an old garment; and new wine in an old wineskin - should have helped yet more towards their understanding.
In the Middle East however, the old wineskin is not thrown away, but renewed. Newwineskins can be looked upon as “renewed”. The old one, of a sheep or goat, is turned inside out. It is thoroughly washed with “lye” solvent; then before the lye should harm the skin, it is washed off with warm, soapy water. Then the skin is gently kneaded with oil, to make it soft and supple. It is then ready to be reversed, and ready for new wine. Completely all the bacteria from the former batch has now been removed to ensure that fermentation will be normal and slow, and notspeeded up by the past. Now, both new wine and renewed skin will be preserved.
See this analogy as an illustration of how former revivals must be treated like an old wineskin. All traces of the former revival must be removed. We must look to God for a freshoutpouring of the Spirit, notto be speeded up by past revivals. This would bring disaster, as with the use of an old wineskin.
2:23-3:6 - What shouldmake sense to the Pharisee spirit fails to do so. It is so ingrained, that logic and facts do not have an effect. Read Psalm 68, a prophetic psalm portraying what Jesus, the Son of David, was to face with the Jewish leaders of His day. J.A.W.